Question

This is the first of two concepts that are said to be “one unit” and unified into the “myriad things” in a view critiqued in “On the Equality of Things.” A teacher in the Zhuāngzǐ describes the “pipes” of two lowlier concepts before explaining that hearing the pipes of this concept is key (15[1])to meditation. This concept names (15[1])China’s earliest intellectual history, (15[1])which follows the Lièzǐ in a larger work and enumerates ten paradoxes attributed to Huì Shī. The most fundamental standard in Mohist ethics (-5[1])is the “will” of this concept. A kind of (*) dào named for this concept (-5[1])governs the natural world and is contrasted with human dào and great dào. The last chapter of the Zhuāngzǐ (10[1])is titled for an imagined community named for this concept, (10[1])which Warring States philosophers called “all under [this place].” (10[1])For (10[1])10 points, Chinese rulers justified their legitimacy (10[1])by appealing to what place’s “Mandate”? ■END■ (10[1])

ANSWER: heaven [or tiān; accept sky; accept nature until “natural”; accept tiānzhì or the will of heaven or the intention of heaven; accept heavenly dào or tiāndào; accept “All Under Heaven” or tiānxià; accept the Mandate of Heaven or Tiānmìng] (The last of Huì Shī’s ten theses states, “Universally care for the myriad things. Heaven and earth are one unit.”)
<FW, Philosophy (Ancient/Medieval)>
= Average correct buzz position